20KV高電壓小電流放電試驗儀耐電弧試驗機

一、20KV高電壓小電流放電試驗儀耐電弧試驗機  依據(jù)的標準

LDH-15KV型耐電弧測試儀是根據(jù)GB/T 1411-2002《固體絕緣材料耐高壓低電流電弧放電的試驗》（等同IEC  61621-1997）及ASTM D495等標準的要求設計制造的，并符合UL 746A等試驗方法。

二、高電壓小電流放電試驗儀耐電弧試驗機功能特點

1、本機為上下一體結構，下部為操作系統(tǒng)，上部為試驗箱。

2、本產(chǎn)品采用PLC和觸摸屏控制，自動化程度高，能自動升降壓和穩(wěn)壓，自動切換執(zhí)行程序，自動描繪運行曲線，測量實時電壓和電流，計時試驗時間。

3、電極系統(tǒng)仿德國進口電極，角度、間隙校準方便、快捷、高效，重復性好，精度高。

4、數(shù)據(jù)測量采用高精密、高速VF轉換芯片，轉換速度快，測量精度高，抗干擾能力強。

5、本機備有排氣孔，能及時排除放電產(chǎn)生的分解物，保證操作人員的健康。

三、適用范圍

適用于電機、電器及家電等行業(yè)的電工用塑膠、樹脂膠、絕緣漆、以及層壓板、覆銅箔板和制件等絕緣材料的耐電弧性能及其分級評定。

四、主要技術參數(shù)

1、 電弧通斷時間誤差：1/8s通7/8s斷時?5ms，其余程序段優(yōu)于?1ms

2、 調壓器容量：1kVA

3、 額定試驗電壓：12.5kV

4、gao試驗電壓：15.0kV

5、試驗電壓精度：＜1.0%

6、電流測量精度：＜1.0%

7、電極對試樣壓力：（0.5?0.05）N

8、電極材料：鎢棒

9、電極距離：（6.35?0.1）mm

10、使用環(huán)境溫度：（23?2）℃

11、使用環(huán)境濕度：（50?5）%

12、電源：220V?5%  50Hz  10A

13、試驗程序如下：

 

Electrodes and electrode devices

4.2.1 Electrode

The electrode is made of tungsten rod with a diameter of 2.4mm ? 0.05mm and no cracks, dents or rough defects. The length of the active electrode should be at least 20mm. It is recommended to fix this activity electrode on the handle so that the sharpened electrode can be accurately positioned. The electrode should be ground and polished to form a flat elliptical surface with an angle of 30 ?? 1 ? with the axis. Figure 2 shows an example of an electrode fixed on a suitable handle.

Note 1: It has been found that tungsten welding rods are suitable for this type of electrode.

Note 2: During the sharpening process, using a steel clamping device to hold the electrode helps ensure that the pointed electrode is machined into the required geometric shape.

4.2.2 Electrode device

This device provides a method of clamping electrodes and samples, allowing the arc to be applied to the upper surface of the sample at the correct angle. The device should be constructed in such a way that the upper surface of each specimen is at the same height during each test. Each electrode should be adjusted so that it rests unconstrained on the specimen with a force of 0.5N ? 0.05N. The sample should not be ventilated, and only when smoke or gas is released from the sample during the testing process, are these combustion products allowed to be discharged.

A clear field of view for observing the arc should be provided from a plane slightly above the specimen.

Note: The requirements for airflow are currently under consideration.

4.2.3 Cleaning and sharpening electrodes

4.2.3.1 Cleaning electrodes

a) After each experiment, the electrode should be cleaned with a lint free laboratory tissue dipped in solvents such as acetone or ethanol, then rinsed with deionized water, and finally wiped dry with a clean, dry lint free tissue.

 

configuration

Number, Name, Quantity, Remarks

One 01 arc resistance tester

One set of 02 electrode system

03 electrode support set

One set of 04 power cables

One 05 grounding discharge rod

One 06 milliampere meter

A set of 07 computer measurement and control software

One sample rack for 08

09 electrode distance standard block 2 pieces

2 standard blocks at 10 angles

11 ceramic pieces, 2 pieces

12 inkjet printers, 1 brand

13 computers, 1 brand

definition

The following definitions apply to this standard.

three point one

Note 2: For certain materials, the trend towards failure increases over a considerable period of time before all arcs between the electrodes are extinguished, and failure only occurs when all arcs have been extinguished.

three point two

Arc resistance

The total time from the start of the experiment until the failure of the specimen, in seconds.

Safety protection measures: (1) Overpressure protection

(2) Overcurrent protection

(3) Short circuit protection

(4) Security door opening protection

(5) Software misoperation protection

device

4.1 Test Circuit

The main components of the electrical circuit of the experimental equipment are shown in Figure 1.

Note: The stray capacitance of the secondary circuit wiring should be less than 40pF. Large stray capacitance may interfere with the shape of the arc and affect the test results.

4.1.1 Transformer, TV

The rated secondary voltage (open circuit) of the transformer is 15kV, the rated secondary current (short circuit) is 60mA, and the line frequency is 48Hz~62Hz.

4.1.2 Variable ratio autotransformer, TC

The rated capacity is 1kVA and matches the line voltage.

Note: It is recommended to maintain a variation of ? 2% in the primary voltage power supply.

4.1.3 Voltage meter, VL

The AC voltmeter has an accuracy of ? 0.5% and can read% of the power supply voltage.

4.1.6 Suppressing resistors, R3

The rated resistance is 15k Ω? 1.5k Ω and at least 24W. This resistor, together with the inductor (see 4.1.7), is used to suppress parasitic high frequencies in arc circuits.

4.1.7 Hollow core inductors, X3，1.2H～1.5H

Note: This type of inductor composed of a single coil is not practical. A satisfactory inductor is composed of eight 3000 to 5000 turns coils wound in series around an insulated non-metallic core with a diameter of approximately 12.7mm and an inner length of 15.9mm.

4.1.8 Circuit breaker, B

Interruptors driven by motors or operated by electronic instruments are used to cut off and connect the primary circuit according to the predetermined program in Table 1, in order to obtain the cycles required for the three lower stages of the experiment. The accuracy of the chopper is ? 0.008s.

4.1.9 Timer, TT

Stopwatch or electric timer, accurate to ? 1s.

4.1.10 Contactor, CS

When the ventilation protective cover on the electrode device is lowered to the set position, the ventilation protective cover triggers a normally open (NO) micro switch, which in turn activates the contactor CS and connects the transformer TV to the circuit, causing high voltage HV to be applied to the electrode. When the ventilation protective cover is raised, the transformer is disconnected and the operator is protected.

電極和電極裝置4.2.1電極電極由直徑2.4mm?0.05mm無裂紋、凹痕或粗糙疵點的鎢棒制成。活動電極長至少20mm。推薦將這個活動電極固定于把柄上，使得在削尖后的電極能準確定位。該電極應經(jīng)研磨拋光，以形成與軸線夾角為30??1?的平橢圓面。圖2展示出固定于合適把柄上的電極的一個實例。注1：已發(fā)現(xiàn)鎢焊條是適用于這種電極的。注2：在削尖過程中，采用鋼制夾緊裝置夾持電極，有助于保證將尖頭電極加工成所要求的幾何形狀。4.2.2電極裝置該裝置提供了一種夾持電極和試樣的方法，使得電弧按正確的角度施加于試樣的上部表面。該裝置應這樣構成，使得每一個試樣上部表面在每一次試驗時都處在同一高度上。應調節(jié)每一電極，使得它以0.5N?0.05N的力無約束地靜置于試樣上。不應對試樣進行抽風，只有當試驗過程中試樣釋放出煙霧或氣體時，才允許把這些燃燒產(chǎn)物排放掉。從略高于試樣的平面位置，應提供觀察電弧的清晰視域。注：對氣流的要求，正在考慮之中。4.2.3清洗和削尖電極4.2.3.1清洗電極a）每一次試驗后，應該用不起毛的實驗室用的紙巾蘸以丙酮或乙醇之類溶劑清洗電極，再用去離子水擦洗電極，然后用干凈的、干的不起毛的紙巾將其擦干。

 

配置

序號	名稱	數(shù)量	備注
01	耐電弧測試儀	一臺
02	電極系統(tǒng)	一套
03	電極支座	一套
04	電源電纜	一套
05	接地放電棒	一支
06	電流毫安表	一臺
07	電腦測控軟件	一套
08	試樣架	一支
09	電極距離標準塊	2塊
10	角度標準塊	2塊
11	陶瓷片	2片
12	噴墨打印機	1臺	品牌
13	計算機	1臺	品牌

定義下列定義適用于本標準。3.1注2：對某些材料，在電極間電弧全部熄滅前，在相當長的時間范圍內，朝失效發(fā)展的趨勢增加，僅當所有電弧已熄滅才發(fā)生失效。3.2耐電弧 arc resistance從試驗開始直至試樣失效的總時間，秒。

安全防護措施：（1）超壓保護
                              （2）過流保護 
                              （3）短路保護
                              （4）安全門開啟保護
                              （5）軟件誤操作保護

設備4.1試驗回路試驗設備電氣回路的主要部件如圖1所示。注：次級回路接線雜散電容應小于40pF。大的雜散電容可能會干擾電弧的形狀并影響試驗結果。4.1.1變壓器，TV該變壓器的額定次級電壓（開路）為15kV，額定次級電流（短路）為60mA，線路頻率為48Hz~62Hz。4.1.2可變比自耦變壓器，TC額定容量為1kVA且與線路電壓匹配。注：推薦初級電壓電源變化保持?2%。4.1.3電壓表，VLAC電壓表，其準確度為?0.5%，能讀出電源電壓的%。4.1.6抑制電阻器，R3額定電阻為15kΩ?1.5kΩ并至少24W。該電阻器與電感（見4.1.7）一起用作抑制電弧電路中的寄生高頻。4.1.7空芯電感器，X3，1.2H～1.5H注：用單個線圈構成的這種電感器是不實用的，令人滿意的電感器是將導線繞在直徑約12.7mm和內長15.9mm的絕緣非金屬芯子上的8個3000匝~5000匝的線圈串聯(lián)而成。4.1.8斷電器，B由電機驅動或電子儀器操作的斷續(xù)器是用作按表1的預定程序進行切斷和接通初級回路，以便獲得該試驗的三個較低階段所需要的周期。斷續(xù)器的準確度為?0.008s。4.1.9計時器，TT秒表或電動計時器，準確至?1s。4.1.10接觸器，CS當罩在電極裝置上的通風防護罩降至設定位置時，該通風防護罩觸動常開（NO）微型開關，而微型開關又使接觸器CS動作并將變壓器TV與回路接通，使得高壓HV施加于電極上。當通風防護罩升起時，變壓器斷開，操作者得到保護。

GB/T 1411-2002 干固體絕緣材料 耐高電壓、小電流電弧放電的試驗
ASTM D495-1999(2004) Standard Test Method for High-Voltage,Low-Current,Dry Arc Resistance of Solid Electrical Insulation
     IEC 61621-1997 Dry,Solid Insulating Materials. Resistance Test to High-Voltage,Low-Current Arc Discharges Materiaux Isolants Solides Secs. Essai De Resistance Aux Decharges A L′Arc Haute Tension,Faible Courant First Edition
本試驗儀器符合GB/T 1411-2002《干固體絕緣材料 耐高電壓、小電流電弧放電的試驗 》符合IEC61621、ASTMD495及JEC149、UL746A試驗方法。本試驗機主要適用于固體絕緣材料如：塑料、薄膜、樹脂、云母、陶瓷、玻璃、絕緣油、絕緣漆、紙板等介質的耐電弧性能測試；耐電弧試驗機采用計算機控制，試驗過程中可在線觀察試驗曲線；自動存儲試驗條件及試驗結果等數(shù)據(jù)，并可存取、顯示、打印。